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Frases largas y precisas: oraciones de relativo y de participio
Nivel C1Unidad 18 de 20 Sé dar detalles precisos en frases largas y bien construidas.
- relativas con y sin comas
- whose, where, when
- , which… (sobre toda la frase)
- oraciones de participio
Cómo se forma
- Especificativa (sin comas, dice cuál): The woman who lives next door is a doctor
- Explicativa (con comas, añade información; nunca that): My brother, who lives in Paris, is a doctor
- whose = cuyo: a friend whose father is a pilot · where / when: the town where I grew up
- , which… se refiere a toda la frase: He was late again, which annoyed everyone
- Formal: the company for which I work (= the company I work for)
- Participio: Having finished, I left · People living nearby complained · Built in 1900, the house…
Cuándo se usa
- Dar información exacta en una sola frase
- Hablar y escribir con un estilo más elaborado
Ejemplos
- My manager, who has worked here for twenty years, knows everyone.Mi jefa, que lleva veinte años aquí, conoce a todo el mundo.
- That's the colleague whose idea saved the project.Esa es la compañera cuya idea salvó el proyecto.
- The train was cancelled, which meant we had to take a taxi.Cancelaron el tren, así que tuvimos que coger un taxi.
- Having lived abroad, she adapts easily to change.Como ha vivido fuera, se adapta fácilmente a los cambios.
Errores típicos de hispanohablantes
My sister, that lives in Rome, …→ My sister, who lives in Rome, …En las explicativas (con comas) no se usa that.He was late, what annoyed me→ He was late, which annoyed mePara referirse a toda la frase: which, no what.The man who his car was stolen→ The man whose car was stolen«Cuyo» es whose, sin his / her.The city where I live in→ The city where I live / The city I live inwhere ya incluye la preposición.
Vocabulario clave
- reliable — fiable, de confianzaShe is very reliable.
- whose — cuyoI have a friend whose mother is a pilot.
- strengths — puntos fuertesHer main strengths are patience and focus.
- skills — habilidadesHe has great people skills.
- in charge of — a cargo deShe was in charge of the sales team.
- reference — referencia (laboral)Could you give me a reference?
- colleague — compañero de trabajoHe was my colleague for three years.
- hard-working — trabajadorShe is extremely hard-working.
- deadline — fecha límiteWe never missed a deadline.
- get along with — llevarse bien conIt's easy to get along with her.