tutorus
tutorus › Gramática › Suposiciones
Suposiciones y contrastes: must, might, can't y although
Nivel B2Unidad 16 de 20 Sé hacer suposiciones y contrastar ideas.
- must / might / can't + verbo
- must have / might have / can't have + participio
- although, whereas, however
- despite / in spite of
Cómo se forma
- Presente: must (seguro que sí) · might / could (puede que) · can't (seguro que no) + verbo: She must be tired
- Pasado: must / might / can't + have + participio: He must have missed the bus
- although + frase: Although it was late, we went out
- however va entre dos frases: It was expensive. However, it was worth it
- whereas compara: I love cities, whereas my brother prefers the countryside
- despite / in spite of + nombre o -ing: Despite the rain, we went out
Cuándo se usa
- Deducir lo que es probable a partir de pistas
- Contrastar ideas y opiniones
Ejemplos
- The lights are off, so they must have gone to bed.Las luces están apagadas, así que se habrán ido a dormir.
- She can't have seen the message, or she would have replied.No puede haber visto el mensaje, o habría contestado.
- Although the flat is small, it's very bright.Aunque el piso es pequeño, es muy luminoso.
- Despite being tired, he finished the report.A pesar de estar cansado, terminó el informe.
¿Cómo de seguro estás?
| Certeza | Presente | Pasado |
|---|---|---|
| Seguro que sí | must be | must have been |
| Puede que sí | might / could be | might / could have been |
| Seguro que no | can't be | can't have been |
Errores típicos de hispanohablantes
He must to be at home→ He must be at homeDespués de must no va to.She must forgot→ She must have forgottenPara el pasado: must have + participio.Despite it was raining→ Despite the rain / Although it was rainingdespite va con un nombre o -ing; con una frase completa, although.It mustn't be true (= no puede ser)→ It can't be truePara «seguro que no» se usa can't; mustn't es una prohibición.
Vocabulario clave
- clue — pistaThe police found a clue.
- evidence — pruebasThere is no evidence.
- suspect — sospechar; sospechosoI suspect he knows something.
- likely — probableIt's likely to rain later.
- on the other hand — por otro ladoOn the other hand, it's cheaper.
- whereas — mientras queI like tea, whereas she prefers coffee.
- despite — a pesar deDespite the rain, we went out.
- however — sin embargoHowever, nobody saw him.
- apparently — al parecerApparently, he left early.
- figure out — averiguar, entenderWe need to figure out what happened.